NOTES
(by DuoItalian)
Some of these pronouns can be confusing to a beginner, as they have multiple meanings in different situations.
- nessuno (no one, nobody, anybody, none)
- niente (no, nothing, anything)
- che (what, who, which)
- qualcuno (someone, somebody)
The Italian pronoun ciò can be particularly confusing. It is a masculine pronoun, only singular, and it indicates or replaces the noun of a thing, generally referred as a verb or a phrase, it can be both subject and complement.
It can be used when you have discussed something, so that “this thing” or “that thing” is referred to something you know.
- Tutto ciò è vero. (That‘s all true.)
- Parlammo a lungo di ciò che gli era accaduto. (We talked a lot about what happened to him.)
- Hai fatto ciò che ho detto? (Have you done what I told you?)
Notice the use of it with che in some examples? Ciò che means “that which”, but translates to “what” in these examples.
- Vedo ciò che fai. (I see what you’re doing.) …. or literally (I see that which you are doing.)
VOCABULARY
(from Duolingo)
| che | what, who, which |
| altro | other |
| qualcuno | someone, somebody |
| qualsiasi | any |
| entrambe | both |
| ognuno | each (one) |
| tutto | all |
| nessuno | no one, nobody, anybody, none |
| niente | no, nothing, anything |
| nulla | nothing |
| qualcosa | something |
| alcuno | any |
| quello | that |
| questo | this |
| quale | which |
| chi | who |
| ciò | that, it (formal) |
| cui | whose (of which) |
| chiunque | anyone |
| quelli | those |
| questi | these |
| alcuni | some |
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